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Botanical ingredients can present a particular analytical challenge because mycotoxins may not be evenly distributed throughout a lot.

This means:

The laboratory method matters—but so does how the sample represents the lot.

Depending on the ingredient and specification, applicable testing may include aflatoxins and Ochratoxin A.

PBR Laboratories supports botanical ingredient manufacturers, suppliers and Natural Health Product quality teams across Alberta, Western Canada and Canada.

Which Botanical Ingredients May Need Mycotoxin Testing?

The decision depends on:

  • botanical or agricultural source;
  • Supplier history.
  • Storage.
  • Handling.
  • Processing.
  • Specification.
  • Known ingredient risk.

Potentially relevant materials may include:

  • Herbs.
  • Botanical powders.
  • Plant-derived powders.
  • Other susceptible agricultural ingredients.

Aflatoxin Testing

Applicable testing may include:

  • Aflatoxin B1.
  • Aflatoxin B2.
  • Aflatoxin G1.
  • Aflatoxin G2.
  • Total aflatoxins.

Ochratoxin A Testing

Ochratoxin A may be relevant to selected agricultural or botanical ingredients depending on the matrix and quality specification.

Why Sampling Matters

Mycotoxin contamination may occur unevenly.

A sample taken from one small portion of a large lot may not represent other portions of the shipment.

Sampling should consider:

  • Lot size.
  • Number of containers.
  • Number of increments.
  • Locations sampled.
  • Compositing strategy.
  • Retained samples.

Grab Samples vs Composite Samples

A grab sample represents one portion.

A composite combines several increments.

A composite can increase lot coverage but may also average a localized higher result with lower portions.

The sampling approach should therefore match the quality decision.

Raw Material vs Finished Product Testing

Testing the incoming botanical ingredient can help identify a supplier or raw-material concern before manufacturing.

Finished-product testing answers a separate question about the final formulation.

The appropriate matrix should be confirmed before submission.

What Does an Elevated Result Mean?

Review:

  • Mycotoxin measured.
  • Result and units.
  • Specification.
  • Ingredient.
  • Lot.
  • Supplier.
  • Sample representativeness.
  • Storage history.

The result applies to the submitted sample.

What Should Happen Next?

Depending on the situation, the quality team may review:

  • Supplier history.
  • Related lots.
  • Storage.
  • Additional lot locations.
  • Retained samples.

Follow-up testing should be selected around the specific question being investigated.

Common Mistakes

  • Testing one small scoop from a large lot.
  • Ignoring supplier and geographic source.
  • Treating a negative result as proof about an entire heterogeneous lot.
  • Compositing without considering dilution.
  • Failing to retain material for follow-up.

Frequently Asked Questions

What mycotoxins may be relevant to botanical ingredients?

Depending on the ingredient and specification, aflatoxins and Ochratoxin A may be relevant.

Why is sampling particularly important for mycotoxins?

Because contamination may be unevenly distributed.

Does a negative sample prove the entire lot is free of mycotoxins?

No.

Should the raw botanical ingredient or finished product be tested?

The answer depends on the product, specification and quality decision.

Need Mycotoxin Testing for a Botanical Ingredient?

Tell PBR the ingredient, lot size, testing requirement and sampling approach.

Choose PBR — Because Precision Matters, Defining Excellence in Laboratory Services Since 1984.